CHI TIẾT NGHIÊN CỨU …
Tiêu đề
Pakistan: Liberal education in context, policy, and practice
Tác giả
Gilani Z.H.
Năm xuất bản
2012
Source title
Confronting Challenges to the Liberal Arts Curriculum: Perspectives of Developing and Transitional Countries
Số trích dẫn
0
DOI
10.4324/9780203127322-9
Liên kết
Tóm tắt
The education sector in Pakistan, including post-secondary education, is bedevilled with a host of fundamental problems (State of Higher Education in Pakistan, 2006). As a result, curricular issues are quite low in priority for policy-makers and educationists, especially because education is seen, not primarily as a learning endeavor, but rather as an enterprise of achieving a diploma. In such a scenario, the inclusion of liberal arts in the curricula and the process of liberal learning do not have much meaning. A telling indicator of the low attention to such matters is the almost total absence of research and/or academic analysis and writings, especially for post-secondary education. Terms like “liberal education?? or “liberal arts,?? as they are usually understood or discussed in the United States, are quite alien to Pakistan’s educational discourse. Most educationists assume that the “other?? purpose of education is not very important and is, in any case, being adequately met by offerings in the social sciences, religion, or languages. However, there is very little informed discussion or debate even of such subjects, and the content of those subject areas is, by and large, being determined by ideological/political and bureaucratic considerations-not by educationists. When “liberal education?? comes up, it is usually misunderstood to mean something vaguely having to do with a particular moral approach or social view or, as Michael Lind (2006) suggests, pertaining to political liberalism or the liberation of the mind. As David Bloom and Henry Rosovsky (2003) have aptly observed about developing countries in general, the curricular focus in both secondary and higher education remains on vocations; and liberal education, if it is considered at all, is believed to be a luxury and not a necessity. © 2012 Taylor & Francis.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
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Nơi xuất bản
Taylor and Francis
Hình thức xuất bản
Book chapter
Open Access
Nguồn
Scopus