Colonial translations: Peasants and parsons in 19th-century Australia
Powell J.M.
2002
Historical Geography
1
J.M. Powell reflects on the peasants and parsons in the 19th-Century Australia. The centennial might have been opportune for a more comprehensive recovery of context, given a coincidence of public interest and the maturation of diverse forms of historical scholarship, but it was less well met by recently contrived crises in the liberal arts and sciences. Progressive British governors introduced a number of experiments in small scale farming during the opening decades of the 19th century. The favored pioneers included former convicts, retired soldiers and sailors, and free immigrants. Although this policy addressed a range of economic and social difficulties in the remote imperial outposts, its civic component also prepared the ground for Edward Gibbon Wakefield's celebrated theory of Systematic Colonization. The allusions to patriotism and military worth bring on a convenient truncation. There can be no swift disentanglement of the translated peasantry/yeomanry from this rich social compound.
Griffiths T., Robin L., Ecology and Empire: Environmental History of Settler Societies, (1997); Powell J.M., An Historical Geography of Modern Australia: The Restive Fringe, (1988); Atkinson A., The Europeans in Australia, (1997); Harris C., The Resettlement of British Columbia: Essays on Colonialism and Geographical Change, (1997); Baker A.R.H., Fraternity among the French Peasantry: Sociability and Voluntary Associations in the Loire Valley, 1815-1914, (1999); Dennis N.J., An Historical Geography of New South Wales to 1901, pp. 79-134, (1972); Perry T.M., Australia's First Frontier, (1963); Fletcher B.H., Landed Enterprise and Penal Society: A History of Farming and Grazing in New South Wales Before 1821, (1976); Kociumbas J., Possessions, 1770-1860, Oxford History of Australia, (1992); Serle G., A History of the Colony of Victoria, 1851-1861, (1963); Powell J.M., The public lands of Australia felix, Settlement and Land Ap-praisal in Victoria 1834-1891, with Special Reference to the Western Plains, (1970); Powell J.M., Mirrors of the New World, Images and Image-Makers in the Settlement Process, (1977); Hamden, Conn: Archon Books, (1977); Wallace R.L., The Australians at the Boer War, (1976); Melville Field L., The Forgotten War: Australian Involvement in the South African Conflict of 1899-1902, 1979; Kenneth S.I., The Re-hearsal: Australians at War in the Sudan, 1885, (1985); Denton K., For Queen and Commonwealth, (1987); Kingston B., Glad, Confdent Morning, 1860-1900, Oxford History of Australia, (1993); Trainor L., British Imperialism and Australian Nationalism: Manipulation, Conflict and Compromise in the Late Nine-teenth Century, (1994); The Road to Botany Bay: An Essay in Spatial History, (1987); Powell, Mirrors of the New World, pp. 70-82; Williams M., More and smaller is better: Australian rural settlement 1788-1914, Australian Space Australian Time, pp. 61-103, (1975); Wrixon H.J., Victorian Parliamentary Debates, 21, (1875); Everard J., Victorian Parliamentary Debates, 8, (1869); Powell J.M., Yeomen and Bureaucrats: The Victorian Crown Lands Commission 1878-79, (1973); Powell, Mirrors of the New World, pp. 61-82; Powell J.M., Resource development, environmental planning and the family farm: An historical interpretation, Family Farming in Australia, pp. 147-173, (1997); Powell J.M., White Collars and Moleskin Trousers: Politicians, administrators and settlers on the Cheviot Estate, 1893-1914, New Zealand Geographer, 27, pp. 151-174, (1971); Davison G., Hirst J., MacIntyre S., The Oxford Companion to Australian History, pp. 416-419, (1998); Leslie Heathcote R., Back of Bourke. A Study of Land Appraisal and Settlement in Semi-Arid Australia, (1965); Powell J.M., "mDB": The Emergence of Bioregionalism in the Murray-Darling Basin, pp. 55-57, (1993); Powell, Modern Australia, 14; Butlin N., Investment in Australian Economic Development, 1861-1900, (1964); Jackson R.V., Australian Economic Development in the Nineteenth Century, (1977); Whitelock D., The Great Tradi-tion: A History of Adult Education in Australia, (1974); Desmond Graham B., The Formation of the Australian Country Parties, (1966); Costar B., Woodward D., Country to National: Aus-tralian Rural Politics and beyond, (1985); MacIntyre S., The Succeeding Age, 1901-1942, Oxford History of Australia, 4; Wessell T.R., Agriculture, Indians, and American history, Agricultural History, 50, 1, pp. 9-20, (1976); Wishart D.J., An Unspeakable Sadness: The Dispossession of the Nebraska Indians, (1997); Williams M., The making of the South Australian landscape, A Study in the Historical Geography of Australia, (1974); Powell J.M., Enterprise and dependency: Water management in Australia, Griffiths and Robin, Ecology and Empire, pp. 102-121; Austin A.G., Australian Education, 1788-1900: Church, State and Public Education in Colonial Australia, (1961); O'Farrell P., The Catholic Church and Community: An Australian History, (1985); Roe M., Quest for Authority in Eastern Australia, 1835-1851, (1965); Home R.W., Australian Science in the Making, (1990); MacLeod R., The Commonwealth of Science. ANZAAS and the Scientific Enterprise in Australasia 1888-1988, (1988); Moyal A.M., A Bright and Savage Land: Scientists in Colonial Australia, (1986); Nadel G., Australias Colonial Culture: Ideas, Men and Institutions in Mid-Nineteenth Century Eastern Australia, (1957); Grainger E., The Remarkable Reverend Clarke: The Life and Times of the Father of Australian Geology, (1982); Clarke W.B., Researches on the Southern Goldfields of New South Wales, (1860); Clarke W.B., Plain Statements and Practical Hints Respecting the Discovery and Working of Gold in Australia, (1851); Grainger, Remarkable Reverend Clarke, pp. 95-104; Vallance T.G., Branagan D.F., New South Wales geologyits origins and growth, A Century of Scientific Progress: The Centenary Volume of the Royal Society of New South Wales, pp. 265-279, (1968); Moyal, Bright and Savage Land; Moyal A.M., Evolution and the climate of opinion in Australia, 1840-76, Victorian Studies, 10, 4, pp. 411-430, (1967); Basalla G., Coleman W., Kargon R.H., Victorian science, A Self-Portrait Fom the Presidential Addresses to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, (1970); Branwhite Clarke W., Effects of forest vegetation on climate, Journal and Proceedings, pp. 179-235, (1877); Lowenthal D., Nature and morality from George Perkins Marsh to the Millennium, Journal of Historical Geography, 26, 1, pp. 3-27, (2000); MacLeod, Commonwealth of Science; Gilbert L.A., Woolls W., 1814-1893: "a MostUseful Colonist", (1985); Lionel A.G., Botanical Investigation of New South Wales, 1811-1880, (1971); Thompson M.M.H., Woolls W., A Man of Parramatta, (1986); Cable K.J., Woolls, William (1814-1893), Australian Dictionary of Biography, 6, pp. 437-438, (1976); O'Neill G., Life of the Reverend Julian Edmund Tenison Woods (1832-1889), (1929); Player A.V., Julian Tenison-Woods 1832-1889: The Interaction of Science and Religion, (1990); Margaret M., Press, Julian Tenison Woods, (1979); Powell J.M., Environmental Management in Australia 1788-1914: Guardians, Improv-ers and Proft, (1976); Powell J.M., Julian Edmund Tenison Woods 1832-1889, Geographers: Biobibliographical Studies, 21, pp. 114-122, (2001); Woolls W., Lectures on the Vegetable Kingdom, (1879); Clarke, Effects of Forest Vegetation; Quoted in Powell, Environmental Management, pp. 90-91; The Antiquarian Imagination in Australia, (1996); Moyal, Evolution and the climate of opinion, Guides Include Lynn L. Merrill, the Romance of Victorian Natural History, (1989); Jardine N., Second J.A., Spary E.C., Cultures of Natural History, (1996); Gilbert White R.M., A Biography of the Author of "the Natural History of Selborne", (1986); Keeney E., The Botanizers: Amateur Scientists in Nineteenth Century America, (1992); Woods J.T., O'Farrell P., The Irish in Australia, (1987); Foale M.T., The Josephite Story: Mary MacKillop and the Sisters of St. Joseph 1866-1893, (1989); MacLeod R., On visiting the moving metropolis: Reflections on the architecture of imperial science, Historical Records of Australian Science, 5, 3, pp. 1-6, (1982); Driver F., Maddrell A.M.C., Geographical education and citizenship, special edition, Journal of Historical Geography, 22, (1996); Tenison Woods J.E., Not Quite As Old As the Hills: A Lecture on the Evidence of Man's Antiquity, (1864); McGregor R., Imagined Destinies: Aboriginal Australians and the Doomed Race Theory, 1880-1939, (1997); Powell J.M., Darwinism and the geographical imagination in Australia, 1860-1945, Geographie et Liberte, pp. 99-108, (1999); Baker D.W.A., Days of wrath, A Life of John Dunmore Lang, (1985); McLaren I.F., Lang J.D., A Comprehensive Bibliography of A Turbulent Scot, (1985); McKenna M., A History of Republicanism in Australia 1788-1996, (1996); Baker, Days of Wrath; McLachlan N., Waiting for the Revolution, (1989); Dunmore Lang J., The Coming Event, Or, the United Provinces of Australia, (1850); Idem, Freedom and Independence for the Golden Lands of Australia; the Right of the Colonies, and the Interest of Britain and the World, (1857); Baker, Days of Wrath, pp. 247-248; Lang J.D., Cooksland in North-Eastern Australia; With a Disquisition on the Origin, Manners, and Customs of the Aborigines, pp. 26-27, (1847); Powell J.M., Plains of Promise Rivers of Destiny: Water Management and the Development of Queensland 1824-1990, pp. 12-13, (1991); From Richard Brinsley Sheridan's the Critic, As Given in the Concise Oxford Dictionary of Quotations, (1969); Powell, Mirrors of the New World, pp. 61-82; Fishwick N., English Football and Society 1910-1950, (1989); Jarvie G., Walker G., Scottish Sport in the Making of the Nation: Ninety-Minute Patriots?, (1994); Couvares F.G., The Remaking of Pittsburgh: Class and Culture in An Industrializing City 1877-1919, (1984); Duis P.R., Challenging Chicago, Coping with Everyday Life, 1837-1920, (1998); Baker, Days of Wrath; Pyne S.J., Burning Bush: A Fire History of Australia, pp. 344-345, (1991); Baker, Fraternity, pp. 210-239
Article
Scopus